Cricket ek popular khel hai jo do teams ke beech mein khela jata hai, har team mein gyarah players hote hain. Ye England se shuru hua tha aur ab ye duniya bhar mein khela jata hai, International Cricket Council (ICC) is khel ko globally sambhalta hai. Yahan kuch mukhya jaankariyaan cricket ke baare mein hain:
1. **Itihaas**: Cricket ka aarambh 16th century ke England se kiya gaya tha. Ye medieval daur ke khelon se vikasit hua. Pehla record kiya gaya match 17th century mein hua tha, aur pehla antar-rashtriya match 1844 mein United States aur Canada ke beech mein khela gaya tha.
2. **Format**: Cricket alag-alag format mein khela jata hai, sabse pramukh hain:
- Test cricket: Matches paanch dinon tak chalte hain jismein har team do baar batting karti hai.
- One Day Internationals (ODIs): Har team ko 50 overs diye jaate hain, jismein har innings lagbhag 8 ghante tak chalti hai.
- Twenty20 (T20): Sabse chhota format hai, har team ko 20 overs diye jaate hain. Ismein gati bhari aur manoranjan bhara cricket hota hai.
3. **Niyam**: Cricket mein do charan hote hain: batting aur bowling/fielding. Batting team ko runs banana hota hai, ball ko maar kar aur do wicket ke beech mein daud kar. Fielding team ko batsmen ko out karna hota hai ya fir runs ko rokna hota hai. Vyaktigat dismissal ke kai tareeke hote hain jaise ki bowled, caught ya run out.
4. **Saman**: Cricket ke khelne ke liye vishesh saman ki zaroorat hoti hai, jaise ki bat, ball, aur players ke liye suraksha saman jaise ki helmet, pads, gloves, aur thigh guards. Maidan ke beech mein jo jagah hoti hai, usse pitch kehte hain.
5. **Antarrashtriya Pratiyogitaayein**: ICC alag-alag pratiyogitaayein aayojit karta hai, jaise ki ICC Cricket World Cup (ODIs), ICC T20 World Cup (T20 format), aur ICC World Test Championship (Test cricket).
6. **Gharail Ligayen**: Kai deshon mein apni gharail cricket ligayen hoti hain, jaise ki Indian Premier League (IPL) Bharat mein, Big Bash League (BBL) Australia mein, aur Caribbean Premier League (CPL) West Indies mein.
7. **Prasiddhi**: Cricket Bharat, Pakistan, Australia, England, aur West Indies jaise deshon mein behad lokpriya hai. Iska bahut bada fan following hai aur kuch deshon mein ye sirf ek khel nahi, balki ek sanskritik aur samajik mahatva ka prateet hota hai.
8. **Prasiddh Khiladi**: Cricket ne saalon mein kai legend khiladiyon ko utpann kiya hai, jaise ki Sachin Tendulkar (Bharat), Sir Donald Bradman (Australia), Brian Lara (West Indies), aur Sir Vivian Richards (West Indies).
9. **Nivida**: Cricket mein vikasashil soch aur naye tareeke aaye hain, jaise ki faisla lene ke liye takniki ko shamil karna (jaise ki Decision Review System - DRS), din-raat Test matches, aur T20 cricket ka vikas, jo naye darshako ko khel ke prati akarshit karta hai.
10. **Prashasan**: ICC antarrashtriya cricket ka dekhbhaal karta hai aur niyam aur vidhion ko nirdharit karta hai. Har desh ke paas apna cricket board hota hai jo gharail pratishthano, khiladi vikas, aur prashasan se sambandhit karyo ke liye zimmedar hota hai.
Cricket ek khel hai jiske itihaas mein gehraai hai, alag-alag format hain aur duniya bhar mein bahut bada prashanshak base hai.
Zaroor, cricket ek bahut lokpriya khel hai aur ismein kuch mukhya rules hote hain. Yahan kuch mukhya cricket ke rules hain:
1. **Teams**: Cricket mein do teams hote hain, har ek team mein 11 players hote hain.
2. **Toss**: Match ke shuruaat mein ek toss hota hai, jismein teams ke captains coin flip karte hain. Jeetne waali team toss jeetne ke baad decide karti hai ki woh batting karegi ya bowling.
3. **Overs**: Ek cricket match mein ek fixed number of overs hoti hai. Har over mein bowler 6 balls (deliveries) karta hai. Limited overs matches mein (jaise ki One Day Internationals ya T20s), overs ki limit hoti hai, jabki Test matches mein koi aisi limit nahi hoti.
4. **Innings**: Cricket match mein do innings hote hain. Har ek team batting aur bowling dono karte hain. Test matches mein har team ke do innings hoti hain, jabki limited overs matches mein har team ke sirf ek innings hoti hai.
5. **Runs aur Wickets**: Batting team runs score karte hain jab wo balls ko boundary lines ke bahar maarte hain ya runs banate hain. Bowling team ko wickets leni hoti hain, yaani opposing team ke players ko out kar dena. Out hone ke kai tarike hote hain, jaise ki bowled, caught, run out, stumped, ya LBW (leg before wicket).
6. **Boundaries**: Jab batsman ball ko boundary lines ke bahar maarta hai, toh woh chaar runs score karta hai. Agar ball sidhe boundary line ko touch karti hai, toh woh chaar runs milte hain. Agar ball boundary line ko air mein cross karti hai bina fielder ke touch kiye, toh woh chhakke (six) hota hai aur batting team ko chhe runs milte hain.
7. **Extras**: Extras runs hote hain jo bowling team ke dwara diye gaye bina batsman ke wicket giraye. Yeh includes hote hain wide (jab ball boundary lines ke bahar jata hai aur batsman use kheechta nahi hai), no-ball (jab bowler bowling crease se jyada cross karta hai), bye aur leg bye.
8. **Fielding Positions**: Fielding team ke players apne positions mein fielding karte hain. Har ek position ke liye alag naam hota hai jaise ki slip, gully, mid-on, mid-off, point, cover, deep square leg, aur aur bhi bahut saare.
9. **Umpires**: Ek match mein do umpires hote hain jo match ke dauraan rules ko enforce karte hain aur decisions lete hain.
Yeh kuch mukhya cricket ke rules hain, lekin khel mein aur bhi kayi chhote-chhote niyam hote hain jo game ko regulate karte hain.
Bharat ke kai prasiddh kriket khiladi hain. Yeh unme se kuch mukhya hain:
1. **Virat Kohli**: Bharat ke ek prasiddh kaptan aur puraskaar jitne wale kriket khiladi hain. Unka visheshagyaar ballebaazi aur samarthak kaptani se unka sthaan aham hai.
2. **Rohit Sharma**: Ek anya visheshagyaar ballebaaz, jo ki Bharat ke adhikansh sarvadhik ODI shatakon ka dharta hai. Unka sahyogi kaptani bhi unhe samarthak banata hai.
3. **MS Dhoni**: Woh ek samarthak kaptan, visheshagyaar wicketkeeper aur ballebaaz the. Ab woh international kriket se sanyas le chuke hain, lekin unka yogdaan bharat ke kriket ko badal diya.
4. **Jasprit Bumrah**: Ek prasiddh fast bowler, jo apni atyant samriddhata aur nayi bowling takneek ke liye mashhoor hain. Unka yorkers ka dakhla aur thos line aur lambai ne unhe kriket mein ek ahem sthan diya hai.
5. **Ravindra Jadeja**: Woh ek mazboot all-rounder hain, jo madhyaband aur spin bowling mein samarthak hain, sath hi visheshagyaar ballebaazi bhi unki pehchaan hai.
6. **Ajinkya Rahane**: Bharat ke mukhya Test kaptan, jo samarthak ballebaazi aur shandar fielding ke liye mashhoor hain.
7. **Cheteshwar Pujara**: Ek aur mukhya Test ballebaaz, jo samriddh test kriket ke liye jaana jaata hai, unki samriddhata aur saiyam ka pramukh karan hai.
Ye kuch pramukh cricketers hain, lekin Bharat mein aur bhi anek prasiddh kriket khiladi hain, jinke yogdaan ne desh ko antarrashtriya star par prasiddhi dilayi hai.
Bharat ki mahila kriket team mein bhi kai prasiddh khiladiyan hain, jo desh ke liye pratiyogitaon mein utkrishtata pradarshit karti hain. Yahan kuch pramukh mahila kriket khiladiyon ke baare mein jankari di gayi hai:
1. **Mithali Raj**: Bharat ki sabse safalta purvak captain rahi hain. Unhone bharatiya mahilaaon ki kriket team ko anek adhikarik antarrashtriya pratiyogitaon mein netritva diya hai aur unka naam bharat ki sabse safalta purvak woman cricketer mein hai.
2. **Harmanpreet Kaur**: Ek mazboot all-rounder aur Bharat ki T20 kriket team ke kaptan hain. Unki shaktishali ballebaazi aur aage badhne ki kshamata ne unhe mahila kriket mein ek mahan sthan dilaya hai.
3. **Smriti Mandhana**: Ek pramukh ballebaaz, jo tej gati aur dridh shuruaati ballebaazi ke liye prasiddh hai. Unka yogdaan Bharat ki mahila kriket team mein prakharata aur samman ko badhane mein mahatvapurn hai.
4. **Jhulan Goswami**: Bharat ki sabse safalta purvak fast bowler hain. Unhone anek adhikarik antarrashtriya pratiyogitaon mein pradarshan kiya hai aur mahila kriket ke itihaas mein mahatvapurn sthan rakhte hain.
5. **Poonam Yadav**: Ek pramukh spin bowler, jinhe alag alag prakar ke spin ballon ka achha gyaan hai. Unki kriket ki samajh aur takneek ne unhe ek mukhya sthan diya hai.
6. **Shikha Pandey**: Ek anya fast bowler, jo apne prakhar pradarshan aur kaptani ke liye mashhoor hain. Unka yogdaan Bharat ki mahila kriket team mein kshamata aur samarpan ko darshata hai.
Ye kuch pramukh mahila kriket khiladi hain, lekin Bharat ki mahila kriket team mein aur bhi anek pratibhagat khiladiyan hain, jo desh ke liye pratibaddh hain aur unki kshamata aur samarpan se team ko samman dilate hain.
dilchasp cricket facts:
1. **Ibtida**: Cricket ka agaz angrezon mein hua tha 16th century mein. Pehla recorded cricket match 1646 mein Kent, England mein khela gaya.
2. **Sabse Lamba Match**: Cricket ka sabse lamba match 12 din tak chala! Yeh 1939 mein England aur South Africa ke darmiyan khela gaya tha.
3. **Sabse Zyada Runs**: Antarraashtreeya cricket mein sabse zyada individual score 400 not out hai, jo Brian Lara ne West Indies ke khilaaf 2004 mein banaya tha.
4. **Sabse Tezi Se Century**: AB de Villiers ne One Day Internationals (ODIs) mein sabse tezi se century ka record banaya, sirf 31 balls mein 100 runs banate hue West Indies ke khilaaf 2015 mein.
5. **Hat-tricks**: "Hat-trick" mein ek bowler teeno consecutive deliveries mein teen wickets leta hai. Yeh kaafi rare hota hai, lekin bahut se bowlers ne is kamyabi ko antarraashtreeya cricket mein haasil kiya hai.
6. **The Ashes**: Cricket ki ek purani aur mashhoor rivayat England aur Australia ke darmiyan hai, jise "The Ashes" kehte hain. Yeh 1882 mein shuru hui jab Australia ne pehli baar England ke maidaan par shikast di, jiske baad ek British akhbaar ne English cricket ka nakli janaza chapwaya, keh ke "laash jala di jayegi aur rakh Australia le jayega."
7. **Cricket World Cup**: Cricket World Cup ek One Day International cricket ka shresth antarrashtriya championship hai. Pehla Cricket World Cup 1975 mein England mein hua, jisme West Indies vijeta bane.
8. **Spin vs. Pace**: Cricket mein do pramukh bowling prakar hote hain: spin aur pace. Spin bowlers ball par spin dete hain taki batsman ko gumraah kar sakein, jabki pace bowlers speed ka sahara lete hain taki batsman ko peeche chhod sakein.
9. **Test Cricket**: Test cricket game ka sabse lamba format hai aur cricketers ke liye skill aur sthirta ka sabse bada parikshan hai. Test matches paanch din tak chal sakte hain aur "Test" darja prapt rashtriya teams ke beech khela jata hai.
10. **T20 Cricket**: Twenty20 (T20) cricket ek naye aur tezi se badhne wale format hai, jisme matches lagbhag teen ghante tak chalte hain. Iski entertaining aur dynamic prakruti ke karan yeh bahut lokpriya ho gaya hai, khaaskar IPL aur T20 World Cup jaise tournaments mein.
Yeh kuch dilchasp cricket facts hain, ek khel ka jo itihaas aur vishwa bhar mein bada prashansa milta hai.